Ethical Dilemma on the Nigerian legal loyalty.


Is the legal practitioner's loyalty first to the COURT? Or his CLIENT? 

To state the obvious, Rules 14 to 25 of the Rules of Professional conduct speaks on the general and specific duties that a legal practitioner owe to his client while Rules 30 to 38 devotes to a lawyer’s duty to the court. The former provides that lawyers must dedicate to the cause of his client and the later provides lawyers being officers of the court. It arouses a twist as to whom the lawyers first loyalty must be to, Is it to the court, alternatively, his client?

In reality, a lawyer who has his overriding interest as the court, his client is most likely to suffer, seeing that even though he wants justice to prevail, he also wants that his client is happy. He is made a compulsory officer of the court and in much so, was enrolled to the bar to serve the court but does this effect much on his client? Yes! A client does not want a lawyer who goes to court and instead of being by him, is saying yes to everything the judge says all to promote justice.

On the other hand, if premium is placed on client’s interest, the court will suffer delay of justice, selfish interests’ protection, sentiments and procedural frustration. This is because the lawyer wants to win the case rather than justice to prevail; he does not care whether the court rules rightly or wrongly as long as the interest of his client gets judgement in his favour, thus, a question is raised again as to whom should the loyalty first be?

Rule 1 of the RPC seem to answer the question by saying that a lawyer shall uphold the rule of law, which not only brings everyone under the law but allows for a balance of loyalty. It implies to me that the loyalty of a lawyer to the court ends where justice is no longer upheld towards his client, this is not to say that the lawyer shall now contravene rule 36 on courtroom decorum to show his bitterness but by procedures already laid down. Rule 15 of RPC lays down the obligation of the legal practitioner representing his client within the bounds of law, which denotes that even though his maximum interest is that his client wins, it must be within the bounds of law.

A lawyer who thinks not of justice is his own lawyer and not the lawyer of the court, a lawyer who thinks not of his client should never have been one! Hence, a balance must be struck, while upholding justice, it must first be for your client to maximise that justice, if client has no basis for justice, let him face the law in its lightest form.

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